HTML is written in something called tags. Tags
come in pairs, an opening one and a closing one.
The first pair of tags we'll write are the HTML
tags themselves. You put one HTML tag at the
top, and one at the bottom:
<HTML>
</HTML>
This tells a browser like Internet Explorer or
Firefox that the code is HyperText Markup
Language.
Two things to notice here. One, that the word
HTML is surrounded by angle brackets (the Less
Than and Greater Than keys on your keyboard);
and two that the second Tag has a forward slash
before the HTML.
All your tags must be surrounded by the angle
brackets < >. This tells the browser that there is
some HTML code that needs executing, and that
it is not to be shown on the web page. Miss an
angle bracket out and it can really mess up your
web page.
So add those two tags to your text editor and it
will look like this:
The first Tag tells the browser to start doing
something; the second tag tells the browser to
stop doing it. The stop symbol is that forward
slash. So miss that out and, again, your web
page can really be messed up.
The next pair of tags are the HEAD tags: They go
between the two HTML ones:
<HTML>
<HEAD>
</HEAD>
</HTML>
Again, notice that both the HEAD tags are
surrounded by angle brackets, and there is a
forward slash before the final one </HEAD>.
The HEAD section of HTML page is where you put
special instructions for the browser. Your browser
will not print directly to a web page when things
are inserted into the HEAD section. For example,
if you wanted to display the words 'Hello World'
on your page, and you typed them in between the
two HEAD tags, then the Browser would just
ignore them. That's because 'Hello World' is
direct text, and not a special instruction that the
browser can understand.
A special instruction your browser can understand
is the TITLE tag:
<TITLE> </TITLE>
The Title tag always goes in the HEAD section of
the HTML skeleton.
The TITLE tag doesn't do very much. And it
definitely should not be confused with the name
of your web page. If you saved your web page as
MyFamily.html then that would have no bearing
on or relationship with the TITLE tag. Whatever
you type between the two TITLE tags is what
appears at the very top of your browser window.
And that's it, that's all it does. (You'll see what
it looks like in a moment.)
The final, and most important part, of the HTML
skeleton is the BODY section.
In between those two BODY tags is where you'll
write most of your HTML code. Think of the
BODY as the white page in Word Processing.
When you type something in your word processing
software, it is immediately displayed. Similarly,
when you type something between the two BODY
tags and then view the results in a browser,
whatever you typed will be displayed. As long as
it's not a tag, your browser will try to display it
for you. So remember: if you want people to see
it, put it between the BODY tags.
In your text editor, then, add the following:
Notice that we've added some text between the
two TITLE tags: My First Page . We've also used
indenting, but this is only for readability: the
indenting doesn't have any effect on the results.
DOCTYPE
One special tag is DOCTYPE. It's not really a
HTML tag, but an instruction to the browser
about which version of HTML is allowed. In
version of HTML prior to HTML 5 the DOCTYPE
could be very messy. In HTML 5, however, it's
just this:
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
DOCTYPE needs to go at the very top of the
page. There is no end tag for DOCTYPE. Note the
exclamation mark after the first angle bracket,
and the space between DOCTYPE and HTML.
So add a DOCTYPE to the top of your page. Your
text editor will look something like this:
Coming up next, we'll take a look at how to save
your web pages.
come in pairs, an opening one and a closing one.
The first pair of tags we'll write are the HTML
tags themselves. You put one HTML tag at the
top, and one at the bottom:
<HTML>
</HTML>
This tells a browser like Internet Explorer or
Firefox that the code is HyperText Markup
Language.
Two things to notice here. One, that the word
HTML is surrounded by angle brackets (the Less
Than and Greater Than keys on your keyboard);
and two that the second Tag has a forward slash
before the HTML.
All your tags must be surrounded by the angle
brackets < >. This tells the browser that there is
some HTML code that needs executing, and that
it is not to be shown on the web page. Miss an
angle bracket out and it can really mess up your
web page.
So add those two tags to your text editor and it
will look like this:
The first Tag tells the browser to start doing
something; the second tag tells the browser to
stop doing it. The stop symbol is that forward
slash. So miss that out and, again, your web
page can really be messed up.
The next pair of tags are the HEAD tags: They go
between the two HTML ones:
<HTML>
<HEAD>
</HEAD>
</HTML>
Again, notice that both the HEAD tags are
surrounded by angle brackets, and there is a
forward slash before the final one </HEAD>.
The HEAD section of HTML page is where you put
special instructions for the browser. Your browser
will not print directly to a web page when things
are inserted into the HEAD section. For example,
if you wanted to display the words 'Hello World'
on your page, and you typed them in between the
two HEAD tags, then the Browser would just
ignore them. That's because 'Hello World' is
direct text, and not a special instruction that the
browser can understand.
A special instruction your browser can understand
is the TITLE tag:
<TITLE> </TITLE>
The Title tag always goes in the HEAD section of
the HTML skeleton.
The TITLE tag doesn't do very much. And it
definitely should not be confused with the name
of your web page. If you saved your web page as
MyFamily.html then that would have no bearing
on or relationship with the TITLE tag. Whatever
you type between the two TITLE tags is what
appears at the very top of your browser window.
And that's it, that's all it does. (You'll see what
it looks like in a moment.)
The final, and most important part, of the HTML
skeleton is the BODY section.
In between those two BODY tags is where you'll
write most of your HTML code. Think of the
BODY as the white page in Word Processing.
When you type something in your word processing
software, it is immediately displayed. Similarly,
when you type something between the two BODY
tags and then view the results in a browser,
whatever you typed will be displayed. As long as
it's not a tag, your browser will try to display it
for you. So remember: if you want people to see
it, put it between the BODY tags.
In your text editor, then, add the following:
Notice that we've added some text between the
two TITLE tags: My First Page . We've also used
indenting, but this is only for readability: the
indenting doesn't have any effect on the results.
DOCTYPE
One special tag is DOCTYPE. It's not really a
HTML tag, but an instruction to the browser
about which version of HTML is allowed. In
version of HTML prior to HTML 5 the DOCTYPE
could be very messy. In HTML 5, however, it's
just this:
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
DOCTYPE needs to go at the very top of the
page. There is no end tag for DOCTYPE. Note the
exclamation mark after the first angle bracket,
and the space between DOCTYPE and HTML.
So add a DOCTYPE to the top of your page. Your
text editor will look something like this:
Coming up next, we'll take a look at how to save
your web pages.
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